Spousal feuds affect women’s health: Study

EMOTIONAL DISQUIET
Spousal feuds affect women’s health: Study
Preetu Nair | TNN

Panaji: Spousal violence is an independent risk factor for two adverse health problems – sexually transmitted infections and attempted suicide – in Goan women, reveals a latest study on the effect of spousal violence on women’s health.
Besides, there is also an association between violence and a range of self-reported gynaecological complaints, low Body Mass Index and depressive disorders in women.
The study, “Effect of spousal violence on women’s health: Findings from the Stree Arogya Shodh in Goa,” which was conducted by an NGO Sangath and published recently in a medical journal, is based on a population-based longitudinal study of women’s health in Goa and aimed at exploring the relationship between psychosocial factors and reproductive and sexual health.
The study, which is a population-based cohort study of women living in the catchment area of a primary health center in north Goa, is a community-based study of common health problems affecting women aged between 18 to 50 years, conducted over a period of four years.
The overall aim of the study was to describe the burden and determinants of common health problems in women of reproductive age and in doing so to test the hypothesis that social and psychological factors increased the risk of reproductive and sexual health problems.
About 2494 of 3000 randomly selected women were recruited, of whom 1750 married women were included for the study. While out of the 1750 married women, 290 (16.6%) women reported lifetime spousal violence; recent violence was reported by 230 (13%) and the cross-sectional data showed an association between violence and a range of self-reported gynaecological complaints, low Body Mass Index, depressive disorder and attempted suicide. The longitudinal analyses confirmed these associations only for STI and attempted suicide. Majority of them were literate homemakers.
Each participant was assessed at baseline with a structured interview for the assessment of exposure to spousal violence (verbal, p hy s i c a l , sexual) over two time periods: lifetime and recent in the past three months. The interview collected data on gynaecological complaints and the revised clinical interview schedule was used for the diagnosis of depressive disorder. Laboratory tests for anemia and sexually transmitted infections (STI) were carried out.
Longitudinal data was collected after six and 12 months on these outcomes. In addition, baseline measures for nutritional status and menstrual health were also obtained.
Lifetime exposure to any type of violence was associated with increased risk of a range of self-reported gynaecological complaints at baseline, though associations were not consistent with all outcomes. Thus, for example, dysmenorrhea was only associated with lifetime sexual violence and verbal and sexual violence (lifetime and recent) were associated with non-menstrual lower abdominal pain and abnormal vaginal discharge, the report states.

January 5, 2009, The Times of India,Goa edition